<?php
$a = range(1,5);
foreach($a as &$x) {
	$x++;
}
 
foreach($a as $x) {
	echo $x;
}

The output is 23455. This happens because the $x reference remains even after the foreach loop ends. The reference is destroyed if you unset $x after the loop.

This is not very well known. If you have the misfortune to maintain some scripts with a coding style involving little structure, lots of spaghetti code and nested includes than you might be very puzzled by the behavior of a regular foreach loop just because the iterating value was used previously as a reference.

In the next challenge the bots will play an Ants game where they control an ant colony fighting for resources against another colonies. The system is functional but in beta version. There is a set of APIs for most programming languages, a couple of tutorials and the source code for the system itself is available.

The University of Waterloo Computer Science Club is organizing the contest with Google as a sponsor. There are no listed prizes but for people with some spare time it will provide quite enough entertainment value. I hope to have a least a bit of spare time for this and play a bit with it.

Most information is on the forum and there is also a beta site.

# rpm -qf /usr/bin/od
coreutils-8.5-7.fc14.i686

… and to get more info about the package:

[root@iweb ~]# yum info coreutils
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * fedora: fedora.mirror.iweb.ca
 * updates: mirror.cc.vt.edu
Installed Packages
Name        : coreutils
Arch        : i686
Version     : 8.5
Release     : 7.fc14
Size        : 12 M
Repo        : installed
From repo   : updates
Summary     : A set of basic GNU tools commonly used in shell scripts
URL         : http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/
License     : GPLv3+
Description : These are the GNU core utilities.  This package is the combination
            : of the old GNU fileutils, sh-utils, and textutils packages.

The main inconvenience is that you have to stop the database server twice. The following instructions were tested on a Fedora Linux distribution but the main idea can be used on different operating systems, including Windows.

The main idea is to restart the mysql server without security, change the root password and restart again in normal mode. I recommend not doing this on a live server but if you already need this than there is a big sign that your system design has some issues.

First, stop the mysql server:

# service mysqld stop

Start the server with an option that enables anyone to connect without password.

# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

Wait for the mysql server start, you will get some info about it:

101230 20:00:03 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysql/error.log'.
101230 20:00:03 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

Connect as root without the need for a password:

# mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.1.52-log Source distribution

Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2 license

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

Let’s say that you want to use the password “NEWPASS”, in the mysql prompt type:

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("NEWPASS") where User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit

Restart the mysql server to use the new password:

 # service mysqld restart 

Now you have your regular database server with a shiny new root password. Do not forget it!

One approach is to hold a BufferedImage and the zoom level(integer, initial 100) and draw the image with appropriate settings in a JPanel. Overwrite the paintComponent function of a JPanel. Set the size of the panel to match the size of the zoomed image. Add this panel inside a JScrollPane and you have an initial version. Enable double buffering for the resulting panel to have a smooth appearance.

I prefer this approach instead of using a zoomed copy of the image as it saves a lot of memory.

The positions on the drawing panel match the positions on the zoomed image. The coordinates in the original image are calculated using a simple formula:

int imageX = panelX * 100/zoom;

If the zoomed image is smaller than the container than the image will be in the top right corner. Most users will want it in the center of the container. The solution is to wrap the drawing panel inside a centering panel. There a couple of solutions using a custom layout manager, a combination of Box layouts, SpringLayout, etc. A simple solution is the GridBagLayout:

JPanel centeringPanel = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
centeringPanel.add(drawingPanel, new GridBagConstraints());

This will center the drawing panel vertically and horizontally.

When changing the zoom, change the size of the drawing panel and call invalidate() and repaint() on the scroll pane view port. Now you have zoom in and zoom out.

You will notice a small problem. The zoom is not very intuitive, it will move the image to the top left corner. A more usable panel would zoom in/out preserving the view on the same area of the image. You need to calculate the new view position. There a couple of ways to do this I will present one of them:

// Save the previous coordinates
int oldZoom = zoom;
Rectangle oldView = scrollPane.getViewport().getViewRect();
// resize the panel for the new zoom
....
// calculate the new view position
Point newViewPos = new Point();
newViewPos.x = Math.max(0, (oldView.x + oldView.width / 2) * newZoom / oldZoom - oldView.width / 2);
newViewPos.y = Math.max(0, (oldView.y + oldView.height / 2) * newZoom / oldZoom - oldView.height / 2);
scrollPane.getViewport().setViewPosition(newViewPos);

You can add many usability improvements and optimizations but what I described here is an easy to implement and usable component that can be used in any application.

Error in named configuration:
/etc/pki/dnssec-keys//named.dnssec.keys:1: open: /etc/pki/dnssec-keys//production/bg.conf: file not found

The update was not a fortunate one and an official fix will probably be issued soon. A quick way is to disable the DNSSEC options in named. Edit /etc/named.conf and comment the following lines:

dnssec-enable yes;
dnssec-validation yes;
dnssec-lookaside . trust-anchor dlv.isc.org.;

and at the bottom:

include "/etc/pki/dnssec-keys//named.dnssec.keys";
include "/etc/pki/dnssec-keys//dlv/dlv.isc.org.conf";

The DNSSEC features ads digital signatures to your DNS queries. If you need this, keep searching for other solutions.

On example that gave me some headaches was at “Configure System” step. There was a strange error “Failed to import current network settings into target system” and all configuration files were empty. It took me sometime to figure the cause and here is this post in case somebody else has this problem. There was an error downloading one of the packages (dhcpd) and the setup program just continued without a proper notification. To recover from this you have to go back to the “Install Packages” step (only the missing packages are downloaded) until everything is downloaded.

There were a lot of small things that added up and in the end too many headaches just for a basic setup. I will check it again in after some time passes and maybe it will get better.

I am working on a small project – nothing complicated (some php&mysql stuff). It is the type of project where most of the challenge is in getting the requirements and helping the client to define the job. This particular case is even easier as the client has good IT skills and knows what he wants.

Today I got a pleasant surprise. He made a small movie about his work. It takes a lot of effort, technology and coordination to load a huge ship with heavy steel coils and keep track of everything in an environment that leaves little room for mistakes. He integrated everything (including my work) to make things run efficiently and the result is something to be proud of.

I got a very pleasant feeling to see how my work touches the real world in such a raw way (tons of steel, a big ship and the ocean …) and it is an interesting change from usual 100% virtual stuff. This movie changed the project from a simple job to something a bit special.